INTELLIGENT SYSTEM OF MICROCLIMATE CONTROL FOR PIG FARMS

Abstract
The article discusses the problem of optimizing the microclimate parameters in pig farms,
which is the key factor in increasing productivity and preserving livestock. The article analyzes
modern approaches to the automation of livestock facilities. The authors have also developed and
justified the architecture of an economically oriented intelligent microclimate and air quality control
system based on the microcomputer “Raspberry Pi” and open-source software. The distinctive feature
of the proposed system is its ability to integrate existing engineering equipment (heating and
ventilation systems) into a single complex that provides centralized microclimate control. The system
is scalable by the means of connecting additional sensors and actuators. The system’s functionality
also includes the control of automatic cleaning and disinfection cycles in the premises, which is
essential for preparing the sections for the introduction of new livestock. The authors provide a
detailed control algorithm, taking into account the categories of animals, the concentration of harmful
gases (NH₃, CO₂, H₂S), and temperature and humidity parameters. The developed algorithm has been
tested in an automated system that maintains the temperature within the specified limits. During
the simulation modeling, the operability of the developed algorithm as part of the designed automated
system, ensuring the maintenance of the temperature regime within the specified limits, has been
confirmed. The system implements the control of several separate rooms, each of which is equipped
with an individual set of sensors and actuators. Experimental testing on a laboratory setup has
confirmed the correct functioning of the proposed algorithms both in the temperature stabilization
mode and in the emergency response mode when the CO₂ concentration exceeds the threshold values.
Based on the obtained results, the feasibility of implementing the developed system in small and
medium-sized farms has been substantiated, with the potential for scaling it to large livestock
complexes.

Keywords: intelligent control systems, microclimate, pig farming automation, regulation
algorithms, air quality, heat stress, and energy efficiency